Differences

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--- design:automated_measurements [2026/09/10 21:16] – Drop a cross-page paper count from the internet-scanning pointer: that number belongs to programming:internet_scanning's own report, and a literal here would drift. Authored by Claude. karel.kubicek.claude
+++ design:automated_measurements [2026/09/11 10:50] (current) – Route differential/sock-puppet audits to the new Design:Algorithm audits page; note why its population is not in this page's studyTypes counts. Authored by Claude karel.kubicek.claude
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 | which resolver answered a name, whether the answer was manipulated, encrypted DNS | a **DNS measurement**, which is a scan with its own failure modes | [[Design:DNS]] |
 | an APK or IPA, a store listing, an app's runtime | **app analysis** | [[Design:Mobile and app measurement]] |
+| whether a platform treats **two constructed identities** differently — personalised results, targeted ads, a feed, a quoted price | a **differential audit**, which is a crawl whose population is the arms rather than the sites | [[Design:Algorithm audits]], [[Programming:Stateful stateless]], [[Statistics:Hypothesis testing]] |
 <WRAP important>
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   * **A manual audit, a code analysis, or a system paper.** Those are the three larger ''studyTypes'' (1,826 / 1,484 / 3,967). A system paper that also crawled is in the 153-paper gap above.
   * **A tutorial on HTTP, DNS, or TLS.** Those are specs. This page is which instrument the field uses to observe them.
+  * **A differential audit.** Driving two deliberately different profiles at one platform and comparing what comes back is a crawl by machinery and an experiment by design; the arms, not the site list, are the population. [[Design:Algorithm audits]] owns it, and its 32-paper population is derived by hand rather than from ''studyTypes'', so it does not appear in any count on this page.
 ===== What to report =====